Bristol Myers Squibb Supplier Decarbonization Accelerator Resource Library

The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard provides requirements and guidance for companies and other organizations preparing a GHG emissions inventory. Its purpose is to:​

• Help companies prepare a GHG inventory ​
• Simplify and reduce the costs of compiling a GHG inventory​
• Provide business with information that can be used to build an effective strategy to reduce GHG emissions​
• Increase consistency and transparency in GHG accounting and reporting ​

Calculating emissions is a multi-step process. An accurate and useful inventory can only be developed after careful attention to quality control issues and to the activity data required. Suppliers should consult GHG Protocol’s Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard for guidance on the entire inventory development process.

Emissions are broken out into scopes 1, 2, and 3. These scopes can be thought of as categories of emissions, with some occurring under the company’s direct control and others occurring within the supply chain or elsewhere outside of an organization’s direct control. Each scope is measured and calculated differently: ​

Scope 1 - GHG emissions directly from your company. Examples include emissions from combustion onsite like furnaces and boilers, emissions from vehicle exhaust, process emissions, and emissions from equipment leaks.​

Scope 2 - Indirect GHG emissions from the generation of purchased energy that is consumed in sources owned or controlled by the organization (electricity, steam, heating, and cooling).​

Scope 3 - Indirect GHG emissions from all other sources not owned or controlled by the organization but occur in the value chain, including both upstream and downstream emissions. ​

To learn more about GHG accounting frameworks, please visit the Greenhouse Gas Protocol.

The GHG Protocol has developed a suite of tools to enable companies to develop comprehensive and reliable inventories of their GHG emissions. Each tool reflects best-practice methods that have been extensively tested by industry experts. Many tools are accompanied by a PDF guidance document, which provides step-by-step guidance on the use of a tool and should be consulted first. Most companies will need to apply more than one tool to cover their emissions. There are several different tools including:​

• Cross-sector tools: Applicable to many industries and businesses regardless of sector​
• Sector-specific tools: Principally designed for the specific sector or industry listed, though they may be applicable to other situations.​

To find out more about the tools available to support you in calculating you GHG footprint, please visit the Greenhouse Gas Protocol.

Not sure where to begin with the Science-Based Targets Initiative (SBTi)? This is a high-level guide including a helpful flow chart to determine where to start and if there are supplemental resources and guidance for your sector. It also includes basic steps and criteria for setting near-term and long-term targets. It is a useful overview and shows what to consider for science-based target setting. ​

The Science Based Target Initiative (SBTi) is a global charity that develops standards, tools and guidance for companies setting emissions reductions targets. Their standards ensure that targets are aligned with reaching net-zero (zero greenhouse gas emissions) by 2050 at the latest. This document is a standard for setting Science Based Targets as a corporation. It has detailed information on near-term and long-term science-based targets, mitigation pathways, the target setting process, SBTi target criteria, and has other useful supplementary guidance. 

The Corporate Near-Term tool is a downloadable Excel tool from SBTi that enables corporations to model their near-term emissions reduction targets. The tool ensures the targets are in line with SBTi approved criteria and uses SBTi approved methods. You can input your company's emissions data, target year, and target setting method. The tool will analyze the data and provide visualizations, summaries, and models of your emissions reductions target data for review.​

SBTi Services is a subsidiary of Science Based Targets initiative. SBTi Services checks, assesses, and validates emissions reductions targets. This document contains an overview of the target validation process including how to commit, how to submit, and how targets are screened and assessed. It includes details on each step, what to expect from the target validation process, and describes how targets are assessed.